Ethereum Update: Vitalik Buterin suggests the use of Optimistic, Zero-Knowledge (ZK), and Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) provers for the second stage of rollups.

Upgrades to Ethereum are set to implement a hybrid proof verification method that integrates optimistic proofs, zero-knowledge proofs, and Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) hardware for prompt finalization. The plan includes a ZK proof aggregation layer designed to reduce gas fees and computational expenses across Layer 3 (L3) networks. Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin has proposed a comprehensive strategy intended to improve security and finality within Layer 2 (L2) networks. His most recent suggestion, titled “A Simple L2 Security and Finalization Roadmap,” details three key strategies for improving Ethereum’s scalability and transaction speed. Significant Modifications Proposed by Ethereum’s Vitalik Buterin. A key element of the proposed roadmap is enhancing the availability of blockchain data. Buterin points out that the forthcoming Pectra upgrade will expand the Blob space allocation to six units. Future enhancements will complement this, potentially increasing to 72 units with the Fusaka upgrade later this year or gradually expanding to a range of 12 to 24 units. The purpose of all these upgrades is to support higher transaction volumes, allowing L2 rollups to function effectively and efficiently. A key element of the proposal is the implementation of a hybrid proof verification system that integrates various security features. This method incorporates a blend of optimistic proofs, zero-knowledge (ZK) proofs, and verifications based on Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) hardware. After the ZK and TEE techniques successfully confirm a transaction, it is finalized right away. Nevertheless, if any discrepancies arise, the transactions will enter a seven-day optimistic challenge phase during which the network will investigate and resolve any possible security concerns. When adjustments to proof logic are deemed necessary, a security committee has the authority to implement changes, although such changes will be subject to a mandatory 30-day delay. This serves as an additional measure to prevent potential exploits. An examination of the ZK Proof Aggregation Layer Proposal.