The upcoming 16th BRICS summit, set to take place in Kazan, Russia, from October 22 to 24, 2024, is expected to host high-profile meetings that signal new shifts in global geopolitical alliances. Among the most anticipated meetings is between Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian and Egyptian President Abdel Fattah El-Sisi, marking a potential turning point in Middle Eastern diplomacy. This meeting, which will happen on the sidelines of the BRICS summit, underscores the growing significance of the BRICS bloc as it expands to include new members, including Iran, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, the UAE, and Ethiopia.
BRICS as a New Platform for Global Diplomacy
The BRICS bloc—comprising Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa—has traditionally served as a counterbalance to Western-dominated global institutions like the G7 and the IMF. With its emphasis on economic cooperation, development, and alternative financial systems, BRICS has been attracting interest from countries looking to diversify their international partnerships. The recent expansion of the group to include Iran, Egypt, and others is a clear indication of the bloc’s growing influence and reach.
For Iran, this summit represents an opportunity to solidify its new role within BRICS. Following its inclusion earlier this year, Iran has been keen to strengthen its ties with major BRICS economies like Russia and China, which share its interest in challenging the current global economic order. Egypt, too, sees BRICS as a key platform for enhancing its diplomatic and economic standing, especially in light of its strategic position as a gateway between Africa and the Middle East.
Key Meeting Between Iran and Egypt
The meeting between President Pezeshkian of Iran and President El-Sisi of Egypt is of particular importance, as the two countries have historically had strained relations. While Iran and Egypt are major regional powers, they have often found themselves on opposite sides of geopolitical conflicts, particularly in relation to the Syrian war and the broader Sunni-Shia divide in the Middle East.
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However, recent diplomatic overtures, including Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi’s visit to Cairo, suggest that both countries may be ready to explore areas of mutual interest. The BRICS summit provides a neutral and collaborative environment where such discussions can take place, outside of the pressures of traditional regional alliances. According to diplomatic sources, the talks will likely focus on economic cooperation, security concerns, and possibly resolving regional tensions.
If successful, this meeting could signal a new era of cooperation between two of the Middle East’s most influential nations. It would also highlight BRICS’ growing role as a mediator in global and regional disputes, offering an alternative platform for dialogue outside of Western-led frameworks.
Russia’s Role as Host and Power Broker
As the host of the 16th BRICS summit, Russia is playing a pivotal role in shaping the agenda of the meeting and facilitating high-stakes diplomatic engagements. Under the leadership of President Vladimir Putin, Russia has assumed the rotating presidency of the BRICS group for 2024 and has planned over 250 events during the summit. These events will cover a broad range of global issues, from economic development and trade to security and climate change.
Russia’s position as both a BRICS leader and a close ally to Iran adds another layer of complexity to the upcoming talks. Moscow has long advocated for greater cooperation between its allies in the Middle East, seeing an opportunity to counterbalance Western influence in the region. The inclusion of countries like Iran and Egypt into the BRICS framework aligns with Russia’s broader geopolitical strategy of building a multipolar world order, where Western dominance is diminished.
China’s Strategic Interest in BRICS Expansion
China, another key player within BRICS, is also set to play a prominent role during the summit. Chinese President Xi Jinping is expected to meet with both the Iranian and Egyptian presidents as part of China’s broader strategy to strengthen ties with BRICS members and bolster its Belt and Road Initiative (BRI).
For China, the expansion of BRICS to include countries like Iran, Egypt, and Saudi Arabia offers a unique opportunity to deepen its influence in the Middle East, a region that is vital to its energy security and trade routes. By engaging with these nations through BRICS, China can promote its own vision of economic cooperation and infrastructure development, independent of Western institutions.
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The Growing Importance of BRICS Plus
The expansion of BRICS to include non-member countries through the “BRICS Plus” initiative is another significant development. This initiative allows non-BRICS nations to participate in discussions and cooperate on key issues without full membership. For countries like Egypt and Iran, BRICS Plus offers a platform to engage with the bloc’s economic and political agenda, without fully committing to the broader framework of BRICS just yet.
The inclusion of Iran and Egypt under the BRICS Plus umbrella indicates the bloc’s strategic shift toward incorporating more countries from the Global South, particularly in the Middle East and Africa. This move is aimed at creating a larger, more influential coalition of nations that can advocate for fairer trade terms, development finance, and a new global economic architecture that challenges the dominance of the U.S. dollar.
What to Expect from the 16th BRICS Summit
As the 16th BRICS summit approaches, there is much anticipation surrounding the outcomes of key meetings and discussions. The talks between Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian and Egyptian President Abdel Fattah El-Sisi will likely be a focal point, as their meeting could set the stage for future cooperation between two of the region’s most powerful nations. Additionally, the broader discussions at the summit are expected to touch on critical issues such as global trade, energy security, and alternative financial systems, all of which are highly relevant in the current geopolitical climate.
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For BRICS, this summit represents a pivotal moment as the bloc expands and takes on a more significant role in global affairs. With new members like Iran, Egypt, and Saudi Arabia joining the fold, BRICS is positioning itself as a powerful alternative to the Western-led global order. The outcomes of this summit will likely have far-reaching implications for international diplomacy, trade, and economic development in the years to come.
Conclusion: BRICS’ Expanding Influence on Global Diplomacy
The upcoming 16th BRICS summit in Russia promises to be a landmark event in international diplomacy. With the inclusion of new members and the high-profile meeting between Iranian and Egyptian leaders, BRICS is poised to become an even more significant player in global affairs. The bloc’s expansion signals a shift toward a multipolar world, where countries from the Global South have a stronger voice in shaping the future of the global economy. As BRICS continues to grow in influence, its role in mediating conflicts, promoting economic cooperation, and challenging the status quo will only become more pronounced.
